In foreign countries, the radio stations used by individuals are divided into two categories: citizens' personal radio stations and amateur radio stations. The use of amateur radio stations requires the qualification of radio professionals, while the use of civilian radio stations, as long as the radio transmitters that have passed the inspection have been purchased, anyone can obtain a license.
The personal radio is a personal communication system that emerged in the 1980s and is also the second CB (civil band) radio. It differs greatly from the original CB in frequency, output power, and antenna.
Personal radio is different from the amateur radio station introduced earlier. Taking Japan as an example, the differences are summarized as follows:
1. Radio license amateur users must pass the national examination to obtain the qualification of amateur radio check-in, or study at the training seminar organized by JARL. After passing the examination, the station must have a radio license. Regardless of the qualification of the personal radio, if you purchase the specified transceiver when you set up the station, you only need to apply to the relevant management department to obtain a readable memory cartridge.
2. The working frequency amateur radio can be used in 3.5, 7, 21, 28, 60, 144, 430MHz and other frequency bands even if it is the fourth-level check-in qualification, and it can freely QSY (replace frequency) in each frequency band.
The personal radio has 80 channels in the 900MHz frequency band, and only one channel is its calling channel. It can perform QSO with the remaining channels, and it is easy to operate. It does not need a knob to select the channel. It is automatically borrowed by the CPU (central processing unit) in the transceiver Channel selection is very convenient.
3. Amateurs who are qualified for amateur radio check-in can use AM, SSB, FM, RTTY, SSTV fax and other equipment.
Personal radios are only allowed to use FM (frequency modulation) phones.
4. The fourth-level amateur radio check-in qualification for transmission power is 10W at most, and it can be used for overseas communication in high frequency bands.
The personal radio is limited to 5W. Although a 50W linear amplifier is commercially available, it is not allowed to be used, otherwise it is illegal.
5. Antenna amateur radio can use any style, any highly augmented antenna, and can be self-made.
Personal radio stations must use antennas that comply with the regulations and must not make their own. The height is not limited, but in the 900MHz UHF band, if the erection is too high, the coaxial cable used as the feeder is too long, but it will cause problems of attenuation and too much loss.
6. The other party's amateur radio can communicate with amateur QSOs all over the world.
Personal radios can only communicate with counterparts in their home country.
7. Communication content Amateur radios cannot be used for profit-making or for third-party communication, and passwords are not allowed in communication.
Personal radio stations can make commercial communications for profit, but password communication is not allowed.
8. Equipment Manufacturing Amateur Radio can assemble the equipment by itself. In order to discuss technical issues, the equipment can be modified.
Personal radios are not allowed to be self-made, they must use the specified type and qualified finished telephones, so they cannot be disassembled at will to expand their communication distance.
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