1. Light Load Usage
Most module power supplies have a minimum load requirement, typically around 10% of the rated output. This is because when the load is too light, the current through the components can become discontinuous, leading to unstable output voltage. This issue stems from the internal design and working principle of the power supply. However, if users need to operate under light or no-load conditions, adding a dummy load can be an effective solution. A dummy load of about 2% of the output power can help maintain stable operation. Some manufacturers may pre-install this during production, while others require users to connect an external resistor as a load. It's important to note that using a dummy load may reduce overall efficiency. On the other hand, some power supply topologies, like Dingli’s E-series modules, are designed to handle no-load to full-load conditions without any issues.
2. Power Distribution in Multi-Output Modules
When selecting a multi-output power supply, it's crucial to consider how power is distributed between different outputs. For example, in dual-output modules, there are two common configurations: balanced and unbalanced loads. In a balanced configuration, both outputs carry equal current, while in an unbalanced one, the main output has a higher current than the auxiliary one. To ensure voltage stability on the auxiliary output, the ratio of auxiliary to main power should ideally be between 1/5 and 1/2. If this range is not followed, the auxiliary output voltage may fluctuate beyond acceptable limits. Additionally, if the loads on the two outputs are significantly different, it's better to avoid using a balanced load module, as it is designed for symmetrical loads. Using such a module with unbalanced loads may result in poor voltage accuracy on the auxiliary output.
3. Reducing Temperature Rise
The operating temperature of internal components directly affects the lifespan of a power module. The lower the temperature, the longer the module will last. While power losses are inevitable, improving heat dissipation can significantly extend the service life. For example, modules with a power rating of 50W or higher should always be equipped with a heat sink. The larger the surface area of the heat sink, the better the cooling effect. The installation direction should also be optimized for natural air convection. For modules above 150W, a fan may be required for forced air cooling. In high ambient temperature environments or areas with poor airflow, derating the module—reducing its power output—can help manage temperature rise and prolong its life.
4. Proper Installation to Minimize Mechanical Stress
Power modules are usually connected via metal pins, and internal circuits are soldered to these pins. In high-vibration environments, especially with high-power modules that often come with heat sinks, mechanical stress can be a major concern. Even though thermal insulation rubber inside the module helps absorb some vibration, solder joints may still fail due to repeated stress, causing the module to malfunction. To prevent this, additional mechanical support is necessary. For example, using clamps or bolts (for modules with screw holes) to secure the module to a sturdy structure like a chassis or large PCB can help. Adding elastic materials between the module and the mounting surface can further reduce the impact of vibrations, protecting the solder joints and ensuring long-term reliability.
In conclusion, by carefully selecting and properly applying module power supplies, their performance and reliability can be maximized. With proper handling, they can perform well in a wide range of applications and continue to gain popularity in various industries.
What is a wireless AC controller? What does it do?
Wireless AC controller is a kind of network device, such as the AC100/150 of Fengrunda, which can be used to centrally control and manage wireless aps. It is the core of a wireless network and is responsible for managing all wireless aps in the wireless network. AP management includes: delivering configuration, modifying related configuration parameters, RF intelligent management, and access security control.
Why use a wireless controller, and what exactly does it do?
In fact, the role of the wireless controller is to play a gateway function between the WLAN and the Internet (on the router), and the data from different access points are aggregated and accessed to the Internet. The role of an access point (AP) is to complete wireless access, and it can control user access through network flags.
The role of wireless controllers
1, Flexible networking mode and excellent scalability
The AP does not need to be directly connected to the AC, so that the AP can be deployed in any place that needs to be covered through the network, such as you deploy an AP in each employee's home, and then connect to the wireless controller inside the enterprise through the VPN, you can expand the wireless network of the enterprise to the family of each enterprise member.
2, intelligent RF management functions, automatic deployment and fault recovery
Through the dedicated RF management module, we can initially estimate the AP deployment according to the user's architectural design drawing, and can calculate the average bandwidth of the wireless terminal, the coverage between AP and AP in the actual debugging process.
3. Centralized network management
All the configuration of the wireless network can be completed by configuring the wireless controller. For example, enable, manage, and maintain all AP devices and mobile terminals, including all functions such as radio wave spectrum, wireless security, access authentication, mobile roaming, and access users.
4, powerful roaming function support
The wireless controller uses AP as the boundary combined with fast RF management system, which greatly reduces the connection time between wireless client and AP, and thus realizes the function of fast roaming.
5. Load balancing
AP and wireless controller systems can distribute wireless users or terminals to nearby aps within the coverage area of an AP, ensuring the number of each wireless terminal or the sum of AP bandwidth transmission or the upper limit of each wireless terminal bandwidth.
6, wireless terminal positioning, rapid fault location and intrusion detection
Wireless controllers can track and locate the location of wireless terminals, such as wirelessly connected computers, PDAs and Wi-Fi mobile phones.
7, powerful access and security policy control
At present, the wireless system supports authentication of 802.1, WEB authentication, MAC, SSID, VPN, etc., and supports various encryption modes such as WEP, WPA, WPA-PSK, WPA2, etc., and all configurations can be configured globally through the wireless controller.
8, Qos support
AP and wireless switching systems can limit the maximum bandwidth of a user's wireless connection within each user's privileges. For different IP services, the system can also define different QoS queues through the wireless switch module. For example, for wireless voice applications, SIP and RTP protocols can be set in the high queue, while common applications such as http and ftp can be set in the low queue.
The wireless controller AC is more advanced than the AP, plays the role of manager in the wireless network, and the wireless controller AC also acts as a client to complete a series of functions in the wired network (such as authentication, authentication, etc.). However, wireless controller AC is not a WLAN device specified in the 802.11 protocol family, but as a supplement to the protocol in specific applications, and its price far exceeds that of ordinary access point (AP) devices.
In small-scale wireless networks that use only a few aps, it is not economical to use expensive wireless controller AC equipment. However, if the number of wireless aps is large, more than 20 can be used AC controller.
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Shenzhen MovingComm Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.movingcommtech.com