The functionality of smartphones has taken another big step forward. Scientists at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign are developing a base device and app that uses the iPhone ’s built-in camera and processing power to detect toxins, proteins, bacteria, viruses, and other molecules.
The wedge base developed by the team contains a series of optical components, including lenses and filters. The mobile phone can be placed on this base to align the camera lens with the optical components. The core of the biosensor is a photonic crystal, which acts like a mirror, reflecting only one wavelength of light and letting other spectrum pass. When any substance such as protein, cell, pathogen or DNA is attached to the photonic crystal, the reflected color will shift from a shorter wavelength to a longer wavelength. The entire base only requires about $ 200 of optical components, but the accuracy does not lose the $ 50,000 spectrophotometer in a large laboratory, and it can be carried out.
Given such sensitive biosensing capabilities for mobile phones, it can be used to track sewer pollution in real time, while combining GPS data and biosensing data can map the spread of pathogens, or immediately provide low-cost clinical medical diagnostic tests, or Check for contaminants in food processing and distribution processes.
Brian Cunningham, a professor in the Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign who led the experiment, said that smartphones have had a major impact on human society and it has become the main channel for people to obtain information and communicate. The powerful computing and image processing capabilities of smart phones will enable many medical applications to use mobile platforms such as mobile phones for low-cost monitoring and non-intrusive detection. Mobile phones can already be used to detect pathogens, biomarkers, or DNA. These tests must now be done in a laboratory. Not only do they require more blood samples, they also cost more.
The team is conducting various biosensing tests, such as toxin testing at the corn and soybean harvest sites, to detect pathogens in food and drinking water. Cunningham said that their goal is to make smartphones with built-in cameras into spectrometers for biological detection and expand the application fields of biological sensing analysis.
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