Today is another day, and Shanghai Hengyuan is excited to bring you something new. If you're familiar with ELISA experiments, you know that urine is a common specimen used in these tests. Today, we’ll dive into the proper way to collect urine samples for accurate results.
Like blood samples, urine specimens can be influenced by various factors such as diet, physical activity, and medication. Among these, diet has the most significant impact, which is why morning urine is often preferred over random urine. Morning urine is collected right after waking up and is more concentrated and acidic, making it ideal for detecting elements like red blood cells, epithelial cells, and casts, which are easier to observe in this type of sample.
On the other hand, random urine is collected at any time, which makes it more convenient but also more prone to interference from food, exercise, and drugs. This can lead to false positives or negatives, such as dietary proteinuria, glucose in urine due to high sugar intake, or vitamin C affecting occult blood test results.
Postprandial urine, collected two hours after lunch, is particularly useful for testing urine sugar, protein, and urobilinogen levels. It increases the sensitivity of the test, helping detect even mild abnormalities. The 12-hour urinary cell count, also known as the Addis count, involves collecting all urine from 8 PM to 8 AM the next day. Due to the long storage time, formaldehyde must be added to prevent bacterial growth. For 24-hour urine collection, which includes all urine from 8 AM on one day to 8 AM the next, preservatives are required depending on the substances being tested—such as protein, glucose, 17-ketosteroids, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, catecholamines, and calcium.
Clean midstream urine is commonly used for bacterial cultures. It requires sterility, so the genital area should be cleaned before collection. At least 12 ml of urine is needed, with 50 ml being ideal. Female patients should avoid collecting urine that is contaminated with vaginal secretions or blood.
Urine samples are highly susceptible to contamination by bacteria and fungi, which can break down organic components. To maintain sample integrity, it's important to collect urine promptly or use preservation methods like refrigeration or adding preservatives.
That’s all for today’s sharing. Stay tuned for more updates from Shanghai Hengyuan. Our ELISA kits are of high quality, available in a wide range of species, and offered at competitive prices. Feel free to contact us for inquiries or orders.
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