The integrated wiring system in China primarily consists of two main components: voice and data. It includes several subsystems such as the work area, horizontal cabling, administration room, vertical backbone, equipment room, and campus backbone. Common products involved in this system include patch cords, wall jacks, modules, cables, patch panels, cable management solutions, cabinets, and fiber optic cables.
In reality, integrated wiring is not as complicated as it might seem. Once you understand the basic principles of cabling, you can easily grasp the fundamental methods and solve most issues that may arise. Here are nine essential tips for integrated wiring—these are general guidelines to help you navigate the process effectively.
First, it's crucial to plan the integrated wiring system in advance and coordinate with civil engineering, fire protection, HVAC, and lighting installations. This helps avoid unnecessary conflicts during construction and ensures a smoother project flow.
Second, whenever possible, separate the weak electrical systems from other utilities by routing them into dedicated electrical shafts. This reduces electromagnetic interference. Make sure the floor wiring closet and main equipment room are large enough to allow for future expansion and easy maintenance. The physical layer of the network is especially important, as it forms the foundation of the entire system.
Third, try to install more connection points and use dual-gang wall plates (one for voice and one for data). Coordinate with power outlets and place them close to information points. Since integrated wiring is typically a one-time installation, it's essential to do it right from the start. With the increasing development of communication devices, having a well-structured cabling system ensures long-term reliability and security.
Fourth, don't overcomplicate the system. Avoid integrating highly specialized networks into the general integrated wiring solution. It's sufficient to include the telephone network, computer network, and building automation system within the integrated wiring framework.
Fifth, with the rapid advancement of network technology, it's wise to choose a cabling scheme that offers flexibility. Aim for at least a Cat 5e or higher standard to ensure compatibility between data and voice signals. Use fiber optics for vertical cabling to enhance performance. For data backup in buildings, fiber is preferred over traditional copper cables.
Sixth, due to the declining cost of optical components, consider installing more fiber optic ports in large-scale projects. This will make future network upgrades easier and more efficient.
Seventh, when laying conduit for data cables, use a larger diameter and leave extra space for future needs. Pay special attention to the bending radius of fiber optic cables. A too tight bend can cause signal loss or damage. Inspect each cable carefully, especially the fiber patch panel. Some panels may not be deep enough, leading to poor installation and testing results after the job is done. The issue often arises because the cable’s bending radius is too small post-installation, causing significant signal degradation.
Eighth, with the decreasing cost of fiber fusion splicers, consider replacing traditional connector methods with fusion splicing in suitable locations. This approach ensures better optical path quality and long-term reliability.
Ninth, don’t solely focus on brand names when selecting cabling products. In recent years, many domestic manufacturers have produced high-quality unshielded cables, fiber optic cables, and network modules that meet industry standards at a more competitive price. Consider using locally made products to save costs without compromising performance.
These are some of the common challenges encountered during integrated wiring projects. In fact, integrated wiring is not an overly complex task. Understanding its principles and comparing product performances can lead to a cost-effective and high-quality system.
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