1 Materials and methods
1 1 Basic situation Summer soybeans in Huaibei are generally sown in mid-June after wheat harvest. Under natural light conditions, early flowers around July 20, flowers around August 20, and mature in mid-to-late September. The whole growth period is about 100d.
The sowing season is before and after the summer solstice, and the maturity period is around the autumn equinox. The summer solstice of Huaibei City is about 14h25m in length, and the autumnal day is stopped at night and night. The average length of the long day is about 14 5m in. According to the observation of the Tunxi County Meteorological Bureau, the sunshine hours from mid-June to late September are 79 5- 63 9h. As time goes by, the number of hours of sunshine tends to decrease.
The survey field is located along Wuma Road, Huaibei City, Anhui Province (33 57 north latitude, 116 47 east longitude), and the road is east-west. The JB100LDA type incandescent lamp is placed on both sides, the power is 2 100w, the number of light sources is 2, the pole height is 10m, the center illumination is 25Lm, the illumination range is 35m, the lamp distance is 50m. The nighttime streetlight illumination time is about 9h, September 11-27th street light Disabled. About 20hm2 of summer soybeans are planted along the line, and most of the growth stages from the mature seeding are affected by streetlights.
1 2 Survey Methods Field survey sampling was conducted twice on September 10 and September 28, respectively. On September 10th, we focused on large-scale observations, focusing on the flowering and pod formation of soybeans in the near-road section. On September 28, the survey randomly selected two representative fields in Lunan and Lubei to set up 8 survey points for fixed-point survey. The vertical distance from the south of the road to the north of the road is 11m, and the first survey point on the south head is 15m away from the streetlight; the vertical distance from the north of the road to the south of the road is 13m, and the first survey point on the north head The street lamp is 17m away, and a survey point is set every 4m. The survey area is 2m. 2. 10 strains are continuously taken indoors in the survey site, and the rest of the plants are taken back for calculation. At the time of the survey, the top of the plant near the street lamp was blooming, and the sample farthest from the street lamp was mature. The field of soybeans was surveyed with a row spacing of 20-22 cm and a density of about 300,000 plants/hm2.
1 street light - sample distance and soybean individual traits
2 results and analysis
2 1 street lamp - relationship between sample distance and soybean vegetative growth On the 10th of September, field investigation, soybeans flowering and pod formation were not seen in the close range of street lamps, and soybeans outside the 40m (sampling 8 and after) of the street lamps have entered the granules. period.
On September 28th, the top of the plant near the street lamp was blooming, and the sample farthest from the street lamp was mature. With the shortening of the street lamp-sample distance, the fertility process was gradually advanced, and the maturity period was gradually delayed. Gradually lower. It can be seen from Table 1 that with the shortening of the street light-sample distance, the plant height and the bottom pod height and the bottom pod node level gradually increase. It can be seen that the height of the plant, the height of the bottom pod and the position of the bottom pod are significantly negatively correlated with the distance between the street lamp and the sample (x). For each street light-sample distance shortened by 1 m, the plant height increased by 16 cm, the height of the bottom pod increased by 13 cm, and the position of the bottom pod increased by 0 17 nodes. Taking Lubei and Lunan as a block, the one-way analysis of variance and multiple comparisons show that (): the bottom pod position of the streetlight-sample distance within 24m (sample 3 and before) is significantly higher than 28m (like At point 4 and later, the bottom pod position of 36m (sample 6 and later) is significantly lower than 28 32m (sample 4, 5), while the difference between Lunan and Lubei districts is not significant. This shows that with the shortening of the street-sample distance, the vegetative growth of soybean plants tends to be strong, the flowering time is delayed, and the pod-forming parts rise.
Correlation between 2 street lights-sample distance and soybean traits
3 Multiple comparisons of soybean yield traits (Duncan's new complex range test)
2 2 street lights - relationship between sample distance and soybean pod per plant
It can be seen from 1 that with the shortening of the street light-sample distance, the total number of pods per plant, the number of effective pods per plant, the number of single plants, the weight per plant and the weight of 100-grain weight are decreasing, while the single plant is reduced. The pod and pod pod rate has an increasing trend. Correlation analysis showed that the total number of pods per plant, the number of effective pods per plant, the number of single plants, the weight per plant and the weight of 100 seeds, the rate of single pods and pods were significantly different from the distance between the street and the sample. relationship(). For every 1m reduction of street light-sample distance, the total number of pods per plant decreased by 0 55, the effective pod per plant decreased by 0 76, the number of pods per plant increased by 0 37, the pod pod rate increased by 35 percentage points, and the number of seeds per plant. The reduction of 1 19, the 100-grain weight decreased by 0 41 g, and the grain weight per plant decreased by 0 23 g. The analysis of variance showed that the effective pods per plant, the number of single plants and the grain weight per plant were significantly higher than 40 m (samples 7 and 8). Within 28m (sample 4 and before), the effective pod per plant, the number of single plants and the weight per plant of the plant within 20m (samples 1 and 2) are significantly lower than 28m (sample 4 and later). This shows that as the street light-sample distance is shortened, the productivity per plant is gradually reduced.
3 conclusions and discussion
1) Soy is a typical short-day plant. There is a photoperiod response in soy from sowing to maturity. Different light lengths not only affect the number of days from emergence to flowering, but also affect the composition of soybean throughout the growth period. Within the critical sunshine hours of soybean flowering, the shorter the sunshine hours, the earlier the flowering and the shorter the growth period. The critical illumination time of soybean flowering is between 13h 15m in and 16h 40m in. Studies have shown that: due to the influence of street lamp irradiation, the plant height of summer soybeans increased, the flowering stage and maturity stage were postponed, the bottom pod area increased, and the productivity per plant decreased. The closer the distance, the higher the plant, the later the flowering and maturity, the higher the bottom pod, the lower the productivity per plant.
2) Studies have shown that with the shortening of the street-sample distance, the plant height and the bottom pod height and the bottom pod node are gradually increased, the total number of pods per plant, the number of effective pods per plant, the number of single plants, and the number of individual plants. Weight and 100-grain weight decreased, while the rate of single pods and pods increased; soybean plant height, bottom pod height, bottom pod node, total pod number per plant, number of effective pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, single plant The grain weight and 100-grain weight, the single pod pod, and the pod pod rate were significantly and linearly related to the distance between the street lamp and the sample. The basic pod position of the street lamp-sample distance within 24m (sample 3 and before) is significantly higher than 28m (sample 4 and later), within 20m (sample 1, 2), effective pods per plant, single plant The number of grains and the grain weight per plant were significantly lower than 28 m (sample 4 and later). It is not advisable to plant summer soybeans in the area within 40m from the street lamp, otherwise it will lead to reduced production or even no harvest.
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