In-depth analysis of why copper heat sinks are slower than aluminum

Copper absorbs heat faster than aluminum, and copper does not dissipate heat quickly. Therefore, the radiator of the pure copper base is generally equipped with a fan with high speed and large air volume, which increases the heat dissipation capability of the copper base. The manufacturer also used this concept to introduce a copper-plated, copper-encased radiator, on the grounds that copper is quickly taken away by heat and then quickly dissipated through aluminum fins.

In the final analysis, what is the scientific basis for the phrase "copper is faster than aluminum, copper is not as fast as aluminum?" There may be very few people who can clearly say it. Today, Xiaobian will tell you the fundamentals of this phenomenon.

Material Thermal Conductivity K (W/m2K)
Silver 429
Copper 401
Gold 317
Aluminum 237

Metal thermal conductivity comparison table

The common definition of heat transfer coefficient is “the heat per unit area per unit time under unit temperature difference”, the unit is J/m2ks, or W/m2k, where J is the heat unit joule, m2 is the area unit square meter, K is The temperature unit Kelvin can also be replaced by the Celsius temperature scale C, which is the time unit second. From the above, the heat transfer coefficient of copper is about 1.69 times that of aluminum. Therefore, copper and aluminum are used to manufacture the same cross-sectional area of ​​the heat sink. Pure copper can take more heat per unit time than pure aluminum. Fast, the first half of the sentence has been proved.

Material specific heat capacity J/kgK
Aluminum 0.9
Silver 0.24
Copper 0.39

Metal specific heat capacity comparison table

The latter part of the sentence "Bronze does not have aluminum heat dissipation", this is indeed the case. Proving this need to lead to another important thermodynamic parameter: specific heat. Anyone who has studied middle school physics knows that the definition of specific heat is "the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of a unit mass by 1 degree" in J/kgK. From the above table, we can see that the specific heat capacity of copper is smaller than that of aluminum. The temperature of copper is reduced by 1 degree. The heat emitted should be smaller than that of aluminum. In this way, copper should dissipate heat faster than aluminum. But you may not notice that the density of copper is 8.9kg/m3, while the aluminum is only 2.7kg/m3, which is close to 3.3 times of aluminum. Therefore, the same volume of heat sink is made, and the quality of copper will be nearly 3.3 times larger than that of aluminum. The pure copper material is nearly half the heat capacity of pure aluminum. When the heat capacity is large, the heat dissipation becomes slow. Through the above theory, we have found the reason why "copper has no heat dissipation from aluminum".

In this way, we fundamentally understand that "copper is faster than aluminum, and copper does not have aluminum to dissipate heat quickly." In the future, when choosing a radiator, you can use this theory. If you choose a pure copper radiator, you should choose a fan with a higher speed and a larger air volume to avoid the heat dissipation of copper and create a thermal bottleneck.

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