Progress in the development and standardization of LED industry in Taiwan

In recent years, with the increasing light output efficiency of white LEDs, LEDs have been used in low-end applications such as digital or signal meters, cell phone buttons, high-end LCD backlights, and applications that are expected to have different potentials in the future. : Energy-saving lighting, vehicle light source, biomedical, etc. Due to the increasing demand for LED light sources and application products, various LED materials, process methods, and package structures have emerged (see Figure 1). However, because of the wide variety of LED types, the optical, electrical and thermal characteristics of LEDs are quite different from those of traditional light sources. The mechanical and safety and reliability considerations of their applications are also different from those of existing products that use traditional light sources. The measurement technology and specifications of the light source cannot be completely applied to the existing LED characteristic measurement. Therefore, the major international research institutions and standards development organizations such as (COMMISSION INTERNATIONALE DE LECLAIRAGE; CIE), International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Japan The Lighting Society (JIES), the Japan Electric Ball Industry Association (JEL) and the Ministry of Information Industry of China have started research and development related to LED measurement technology standards. It is expected that various measures will be promoted by the measurement of LED measurement standards. Different forms of LED light source can have evaluation criteria for correctness, reliability and consistency, and then combine measurement specifications with LED applications to accelerate industrial development. The so-called accelerated industrialization of LED application is most emphasized by energy-saving lighting. The establishment of LED light source and lighting product standards and test specifications will promote the advancement of semiconductor technology and the improvement of the production and quality of lighting products, and will bring huge economic and social benefits to the development of LED and lighting industry.

Figure 1. The most important performance indicators for LED LEDs in various package configurations are optical and electrical properties. Optical properties include luminous flux, light intensity, light intensity distribution, brightness, spectral distribution, chromaticity coordinates, and the like. In addition to the optical properties involved in lighting, there are also the characteristics of electrical accessories, mechanical properties, temperature characteristics and lighting safety features. Strictly speaking, there are currently no standards for semiconductor lighting in foreign countries. There are only standard LED test standards and lighting standards related to ordinary light sources. IEC60747-5: Semiconductor devices Discrete devices and integrated circuits are the earliest standards for LEDs, which were developed by the IEC in 1992. IEC existing LED standards are: 1, IEC60747-5: semiconductor separation components and integrated circuits 2, IEC60747-5-2: classification characteristics and elements of optoelectronic components 3, IEC60747-5-3: test methods for optoelectronic components 4, IEC60747-12: optoelectronic component part specification 5, IEC60747-12-3: LED blank detail specification for optoelectronic component display 6, IEC62031: safety requirements for general lighting LED module 7, IEC60838-2-2: various lamps Miscellaneous Lampholders - part 2-2:particular requirements - Connectors for Modules 8, IEC 61347-2-13: Lamp controlgear ?C part 2-13 :particular requirements for dc or ac supplied electronic controlgear for LED modules 9, IEC 62384:Perforamnce of controlgear For LED modules dc or ac supplied electronic controlgear for LED modules ?C Perforamnce requirements IEC 60747-5-3 refers to the measurement method of LED light intensity in the specification. However, it is limited to the measurement method of the traditional 5 ψ lamp package form. Due to the continuous advancement of LED technology, various LED package forms and application requirements are increasing, and the existing LED standard is currently insufficient. Especially in recent years, the LED industry has received great attention. With a lot of resources, the technology has grown at an alarming rate; 100lm/W or 100W package has been heard, but the relevant inspection standards are still in the air. In the era of LEDs entering general lighting, a measurable The standard platform has not been built. Due to the special optoelectronic characteristics of LEDs, the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) published the "Measurement of LEDs" in 1997 as CIE-127, which discusses the special light and electrical characteristics of LEDs and proposes an average LED light intensity. (Averaged LED Intensity; ALI) to regulate the light intensity measurement of LEDs. In view of the constant demand for the development of LED measurement standards, CIE has set up a special technical committee TC 2-45 to study LED measurement methods. However, with the rapid development of technology, many new LED technology features are not covered by the CIE 127 LED test method. In order to revise and formulate LED-related measurement standards, China, Japan, Europe and the United States have also spared no effort in researching LED lighting technology and measurement specifications. Even in recent years, South Korea and Russia have also invested in LED standards. For example, the National Institute of Standards Testing (NIST) is conducting research on LED test methods and is preparing to establish a complete set of LED test methods and standards. The Japan Lighting Society (JIES), the Japan Lighting Commission (JCIE), the Japan Lighting Industry Association (JIL), and the Japan Electric Ball Industry Association (JEL) jointly developed a set of measurement standards for white LEDs for lighting at the end of 2004. These specification numbers are JIES 009, CIE S001, JIL 9003, and JEL 311. At the end of 2003, China also officially launched a national research project on LED solid-state lighting, conducting LED key technology research and development, LED application product development demonstration and standard system, development strategy research and intellectual property strategy research. Taiwan's LED industry started with packaging technology and has a history of about 30 years. 20 years ago, after the establishment of Guanglei and Dingyuan, the company began to develop from the downstream to the middle of the grain, and about 10 years ago, Guolian and Jingyuan Optoelectronics Established to strengthen Taiwan's industrial structure and industrial autonomy. After more than 20 years of development, Taiwan has established a complete upstream, middle and lower reaches production supply chain. At present, Taiwan's LED industry (LED) ranks second in the global market and creates the world's number one global leader in production. The output of quaternary red LED has accounted for more than 85% of the world. Corresponding to the situation of Taiwan LED standard formulation, there are 34 LED-related standards in the national standard CNS of the Republic of China, which can be divided into six categories: indicator LED, LED outdoor display, communication LED, and infrared LED for automatic control. LED epitaxial grain and package and the largest traffic number. The indicator LED standard was first formulated and was developed 20 years ago.

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