This paper presents a car reversing anti-collision voice prompt system that utilizes a reflective near-infrared sensor combined with a voice recording and playback module. When the vehicle is in reverse, if an object or person is within a certain distance behind the car, the infrared light emitted by the sensor will be reflected back to the receiving tube. The signal is then converted into an electrical signal, processed through amplification, demodulation, and shaping, and finally used to trigger the voice module. This helps alert the driver of potential obstacles behind the vehicle, improving safety during reversing. The system features a compact design, low cost, easy installation, and high reliability, making it ideal for automotive applications.
Introduction
With the rapid advancement of technology, new materials, methods, and devices have been developed to enhance automation, reduce labor, increase efficiency, improve functionality, ensure safety, and conserve resources. In this context, infrared sensors have become increasingly important, especially in applications where visual observation is limited. For instance, infrared remote controls were introduced as early as 1972, and since the 1990s, near-infrared sensors have found widespread use in various fields. These sensors typically operate using 940nm wavelength light, with transmission and reception working together to detect objects.
The car reversing anti-collision voice prompter discussed in this paper employs the TX05D reflective near-infrared sensor as its core detection component. It is particularly useful in situations where the driver may not have a clear view of the rear, such as when entering a tight parking space or reversing near walls. When an obstacle is detected, the voice recording and playback unit alerts the driver, helping to prevent collisions. This system supports over 100,000 recordings and can retain voice data for up to 100 years after power is removed. It offers excellent sound quality, low cost, and ease of use, making it a practical solution for modern vehicles.
The system operates on a 12V battery with a 6V voltage regulator, and features strong anti-interference capabilities, stable performance, and a detection range of up to 1.2 meters. It is designed to be easily installed in cars and provides reliable assistance during reversing operations.
1 Module Structure and Working Principle
1.1 Reflective Near-Infrared Sensor TX05D
The TX05D is a fully integrated sensor module with dimensions of 46 mm × 32 mm × 17 mm. It includes a red LED indicator to show the operational status, and a sensitivity adjustment hole to fine-tune the detection distance. By rotating the adjustment hole clockwise, the detection range increases, while counterclockwise rotation decreases it. The module uses a 1.5m double-core shielded cable, with the red wire as the positive power supply and the white wire as the output. The shield is grounded within the effective detection area. When an object is present, the output voltage on the white wire rises, otherwise it remains low. This makes the TX05D suitable for use in various environments, including automotive settings.
The operating voltage of the TX05D is between 5V and 12V, with a maximum current of 30mA. It has a detection range of up to 1.2 meters and uses modulation technology along with built-in anti-jamming circuits to ensure accurate and reliable operation.
1.2 Voice Recording and Playback Component ISD1420
The ISD1420 is a voice recording and playback module based on advanced single-chip IC technology from the US. It integrates a noise-reducing microphone preamplifier, automatic gain control, and a high-stability clock oscillator. The module is compact, durable, and capable of storing voice data for long periods even without power. It supports recording times of 10 to 20 seconds and can be recorded and played back over 100,000 times, with information retained for up to 100 years. It is easy to use, requiring no programming or development systems, and can be controlled via a standard electret microphone. The module works with 8–16Ω speakers, making it versatile for different applications.
2 Wiring Diagram of the Car Reversing Anti-Collision Voice Prompter
The wiring diagram (Figure 2) shows the system’s components: a near-infrared sensor, a voice recording and playback module, and a power supply. The IC1 is a 7806 voltage regulator, IC2 is the TX05D sensor, and IC3 is the ISD1420 module. A relay (KS) is used to control the playback function. In practice, the TX05D is mounted at the center of the car’s rear, with the receiver facing backward. It is connected to the backup light circuit so that the system activates automatically when the car is in reverse.
3 Operation Process
3.1 Recording
When the system is powered on, it enters a low-power standby mode. Pressing the REC button initiates the recording process, with the LED indicator lighting up until the memory is full or the button is released. This allows the driver to record voice messages about obstacles behind the vehicle, enhancing awareness and safety during reversing.
3.2 Playback
The playback can be initiated by pressing the PLAY button or using the PL key. The system continuously loops the recorded message when an object is detected. When no object is present, the relay opens, stopping the playback. This ensures that the driver receives timely feedback about the surroundings, reducing the risk of collision.
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