Artificial intelligence is rapidly advancing, and its impact on various industries is becoming increasingly evident. By 2020, the global AI industry is expected to surpass the trillion-dollar mark, with significant implications for safety management regulations. As reported by Feng Wei and edited by Chen Xu, fully autonomous driving without a steering wheel may soon become a reality, potentially even exempting drivers from traffic violations.
On July 20, the State Council released the "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan," which outlines ambitious goals for the development of AI in China. By 2020, ethical norms and initial policies will be established in certain areas, while by 2030, a comprehensive legal and regulatory framework will be in place to address the ethical and safety concerns surrounding AI.
The plan highlights six key areas of focus: building an open innovation ecosystem for AI, fostering smart economies, creating a secure and convenient smart society, integrating AI into defense and civilian sectors, developing intelligent infrastructure, and launching major scientific projects. These efforts aim to position China as a leader in AI innovation by 2030.
To support this growth, the plan encourages leveraging existing resources, both domestically and internationally, to attract investments from multiple sources including fiscal funds, financial institutions, and private entities. The goal is to create an environment conducive to innovation while ensuring that the technology benefits society as a whole.
Currently, China's AI capabilities lag behind those of advanced nations, particularly in areas like foundational theories, core algorithms, and essential hardware. Addressing these gaps requires overcoming numerous technical hurdles, such as improving chip performance, enhancing sensor accuracy, and reducing production costs.
Despite these challenges, the plan sets out a three-step strategy to achieve global leadership in AI. By 2020, it aims to make substantial progress in basic theories and core technologies, boosting the competitiveness of the AI sector. By 2025, some applications should reach world-class standards, driving economic transformation. Ultimately, by 2030, China hopes to lead the world in AI theory, technology, and practical applications.
Economic projections indicate that the core AI industry could grow to over 150 billion yuan by 2020, with associated industries reaching over 1 trillion yuan. By 2030, these figures are expected to rise significantly, with core industries surpassing 1 trillion yuan and the total industry exceeding 10 trillion yuan.
Beyond technical advancements, ethical and legal considerations are equally critical. For instance, incidents like Baidu CEO Li Yanhong testing self-driving cars on Beijing’s Fifth Ring Road have raised questions about liability and ownership in AI-related accidents. These issues necessitate careful consideration of legal frameworks and societal norms.
The plan acknowledges that AI poses unique challenges, including changes to labor markets, privacy concerns, and potential disruptions to international relations. Therefore, it emphasizes balancing innovation incentives with appropriate oversight to mitigate risks while maximizing benefits.
Legal reforms are central to the strategy, emphasizing the need for transparent accountability mechanisms, protection of individual rights, and clarification of legal responsibilities in AI contexts. Special attention is given to subfields like autonomous driving and robotics, where specific regulations can facilitate safer and faster adoption of new technologies.
Research into AI ethics and behavior is also prioritized, aiming to develop frameworks that ensure ethical decision-making and harmonious human-machine interactions. This holistic approach underscores China’s commitment to shaping the future of AI responsibly and inclusively.
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