Since the French scientist Plant invented the lead-acid battery in 1859, scientists have been trying to add various trace elements in the positive and negative electrode plates to improve the performance of the battery and solve the technical problem of short lead-acid battery life. The facts of more than 100 years have proved that although some battery performance problems have been solved, they have not solved the fundamental problem of short battery life! Scientists around the world in the field of batteries have been wondering how to improve the life of batteries. The redox reaction is performed with an electrolyte having a specific gravity of about 1.28. As a result, one battery is scrapped for one to two years. Because the positive and negative plates will form part of insoluble lead sulfate during discharge, with the increase in the number of charge and discharge, the amount of insoluble lead sulfate will accumulate, making the conductivity of the positive and negative plates drastically decrease, and the internal resistance increases. Large, the charge and discharge capacity of the battery is greatly reduced. Over time, the irreversible lead sulfate crystallized on the plate accumulated to a certain extent (capacity dropped below 70%), which eventually led to complete scrapping of the battery. This is the result of the famous theory of double vulcanization.
The battery performs the following reaction during charge and discharge: PbO2+2H2SO4+Pb→Discharge--Charge â†PbSO4+2H2O+PbSO4
From the results of the reaction, lead sulfate was generated after work was performed on the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The theory established in accordance with this reaction equation is the theory of bipolar sulfation. Why is the discharge current of an ordinary battery larger and the output capacity smaller? Because the discharge of the battery in the two plates of lead sulfate is formed by the surface and in the early discharge of large currents, the plate soon formed a layer of lead sulfate crystals, hindering the deep diffusion of sulfuric acid to the plate; with the continuous discharge The repeated crystallisation of lead sulfate on the surface of the plates resulted in the formation of coarse lead sulfate crystals that blocked the pores of the active material, and the electrolyte was difficult to diffuse into the deep layers of the plates, affecting the further progress of the chemical reaction, resulting in insufficient battery capacity release. The larger the discharge current is, the smaller the capacity is. The generation of irreversible lead sulfate and insoluble lead sulfate in the school bus in Dalian will greatly increase the internal resistance of the battery, especially in the charging process, the battery may have the undesirable consequences of difficulty in charging, voltage increase, heat generation, anode mudification, and thermal runaway.
The current production of batteries due to the limitations of the manufacturing technology, the use of diluted sulfuric acid solution as the electrolyte, due to the lack of electrolyte ion power, especially in the discharge of sulfuric acid does not have sufficient power to diffuse deep into the plate ( More severe in winter) Three types of sulfate crystals are produced on the plates: reversible lead sulfate, insoluble lead sulfate and irreversible lead sulfate. Each time the battery is charged and discharged, 1-3% of insoluble lead sulfate and irreversible lead sulfate are generated. This vicious cycle will continue to increase with the increase in the number of charge and discharge, which is the root cause of short-lived lead-acid batteries.
The battery performs the following reaction during charge and discharge: PbO2+2H2SO4+Pb→Discharge--Charge â†PbSO4+2H2O+PbSO4
From the results of the reaction, lead sulfate was generated after work was performed on the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The theory established in accordance with this reaction equation is the theory of bipolar sulfation. Why is the discharge current of an ordinary battery larger and the output capacity smaller? Because the discharge of the battery in the two plates of lead sulfate is formed by the surface and in the early discharge of large currents, the plate soon formed a layer of lead sulfate crystals, hindering the deep diffusion of sulfuric acid to the plate; with the continuous discharge The repeated crystallisation of lead sulfate on the surface of the plates resulted in the formation of coarse lead sulfate crystals that blocked the pores of the active material, and the electrolyte was difficult to diffuse into the deep layers of the plates, affecting the further progress of the chemical reaction, resulting in insufficient battery capacity release. The larger the discharge current is, the smaller the capacity is. The generation of irreversible lead sulfate and insoluble lead sulfate in the school bus in Dalian will greatly increase the internal resistance of the battery, especially in the charging process, the battery may have the undesirable consequences of difficulty in charging, voltage increase, heat generation, anode mudification, and thermal runaway.
The current production of batteries due to the limitations of the manufacturing technology, the use of diluted sulfuric acid solution as the electrolyte, due to the lack of electrolyte ion power, especially in the discharge of sulfuric acid does not have sufficient power to diffuse deep into the plate ( More severe in winter) Three types of sulfate crystals are produced on the plates: reversible lead sulfate, insoluble lead sulfate and irreversible lead sulfate. Each time the battery is charged and discharged, 1-3% of insoluble lead sulfate and irreversible lead sulfate are generated. This vicious cycle will continue to increase with the increase in the number of charge and discharge, which is the root cause of short-lived lead-acid batteries.
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