Foreword
This article refers to the address: http://
The engine is the power unit of the car, and the performance of the car directly affects the performance of the car. As more and more private cars enter thousands of households, these problems make every ordinary car owner feel dizzy because of the many types of cars and the various structures. Here we briefly introduce the common types of car engines and their classification, and hope to help you better understand the car engine and choose the right private car.
Car engine type and classification
1. Classification by piston movement
Piston type internal combustion engines can be divided into two types: reciprocating piston type and rotary piston type. The former piston reciprocates linearly in the cylinder, and the latter piston rotates in the cylinder.
2, according to the intake system classification
The internal combustion engine can be classified into a naturally aspirated (non-supercharged) engine and a forced intake (supercharged) engine according to whether the intake system is pressurized. If the intake air is performed in a state close to the atmosphere, it is a non-supercharged internal combustion engine or a naturally aspirated internal combustion engine; if the intake air pressure is increased by the supercharger and the intake air density is increased, the supercharged internal combustion engine is used. Boosting can increase the power of the internal combustion engine.
3, according to the cylinder arrangement
Internal combustion engines can be classified into single-row, double-row and three-row according to the arrangement of cylinders. The individual cylinders of the single row engine are arranged in a row, generally vertically, but in order to reduce the height, the cylinders are sometimes arranged to be inclined or even horizontal. The double-row engine arranges the cylinders in two rows. The angle between the two columns <180° (generally 90°) is called a V-type engine. If the angle between the two columns is 180°, it is called an opposed engine. The three-row type arranges the cylinders into three rows to become a W-type engine.
The engine cylinder arrangement type is divided into L type, V type, H type and W type.
The 1L engine, also known as the "LineEngine" engine, means that the cylinders are arranged in a straight line, and all of the cylinders are arranged side by side at the same angle. "Inline" is generally represented by L, followed by the number of cylinders is the engine code, and modern cars mainly have L3, L4, L5, L6 engines.
Advantages: stable, low cost, simple structure, good balance of operation, high volume and high stability, good low-speed torque characteristics, low fuel consumption, compact size and wide application.
Disadvantages: As the displacement and number of cylinders increase, the length of the engine will increase significantly.
The in-line 4-cylinder engine is generally used in engines with a displacement of 2.2 liters or less. Inline 6-cylinder engine, the current leader is the famous BMW, BMW inline 6-cylinder engine condenses the top technology of today's mass-produced engine, called the peak of the in-line 6-cylinder.
The 2V engine divides all the cylinders into two groups, and arranges the adjacent cylinders at a certain angle together, so that the two groups of cylinders form two planes with an angle. The cylinder is V-shaped when viewed from the side, so it is called V-shaped. engine.
The V-type engine has a small height and length and is more convenient to arrange on a car. In particular, modern cars pay more attention to aerodynamics, and the smaller the windward side of the car, the better, that is, the lower the engine cover is required.
Common V-type engines are V6, V8, V10, V12. There are also V3, V5 and V16 (don't mess with some inline engines to represent the number of valves). As the name suggests, V means that the engine cylinders are arranged in a V-shape, generally 90 degrees, which can offset the vibration during operation and is more stable. There are also 75 degrees and 72 degrees. The Renault car even used a wide-angle V10 engine over 90 degrees.
Advantages: stable operation (for V6, V8, V12), saving space.
Disadvantages: The structure is more complicated, which is not conducive to maintenance and repair, and the cost is high. At the same time, V3 and V5, including V10, are not very stable due to their structure or displacement. Especially as the V10 3L engine of F1 engine, it requires a lot of effort and funds to ensure its stability.
Representative models: Audi's A6, Ferrari 360, Porsche carrear GT, Mercedes-Benz S600. Use V6, V8, V10, V12 engines respectively. The V3 is mainly found on some motorcycles, and the V5 is said to be used on the previous generation of Volkswagen Golf. The V16 can be found on some luxury classic cars.
The 3H engine is also called a horizontally opposed engine. This is also a type of V-type engine, except that the angle of V becomes 180 degrees, generally 4 or 6 cylinders.
Advantages: â—† Low center of gravity: The generated lateral vibration is easily absorbed by the bracket, effectively lowering the center of gravity of the heavier engine of the whole vehicle, and it is easier to achieve the overall balance.
â—†Low vibration: The balance of piston movement is good (about 180 degrees offset). Compared to the in-line type, the balance weight factor required for the crankshaft is reduced, which helps the speed increase. It maintains a low rpm of 650 rpm and ensures smooth engine operation. It also has the lowest fuel consumption compared to other engine models.
Disadvantages: high cost and too wide engine.
At present, only two automakers such as "Porsche" and "Subaru" produce horizontally opposed engines.
The 4W engine is the exclusive engine technology of the German Volkswagen. Simply put, two V-type engines are added together to form a V-type engine, which is "V+V=W=V". Compared with the V-type engine, the W-type can make the engine shorter and the crankshaft can be shorter. This saves space for the engine and can be lighter, but its width is larger, making the engine room More full.
Advantages: The structure is more compact, can accommodate more cylinders and has a larger displacement.
The downside is that the structure is too complicated! The balance of operation is not good.
Due to patents, the engine can only be seen on a small number of vehicles such as Volkswagen and Audi. The V6, W8 and W12 engines are equipped on the European version of Volkswagen Golf, the European Volkswagen Passat and the Audi A8.
The 5 rotor engine was first invented by the German scientist Wankel, so it is also called the Wankel engine. In fact, the efficiency of the rotor engine is not high, but the power is high.
The rotary engine is called the delta piston rotor engine, which is a special piston engine. The rotor piston is a convex arc-triangular triangle. When the rotor rotates in an approximately elliptical outer-rotary cylinder, the three vertices of the arc-triangular triangle maintain contact with the cylinder wall, so that the rotor arc surface forms the same with the cylinder wall. A studio separated from each other. The volume of these three working chambers varies periodically with the rotation of the rotor. Each revolution of the rotor, each studio can complete a four-stroke process corresponding to the four strokes of the piston reciprocating engine. To form a complete work cycle.
Disadvantages: It is oily, polluting the environment, and the life of the machine is relatively short.
Currently only Mazda is applying this technology.
4, according to the number of cylinders
The internal combustion engine can be classified into a single-cylinder engine and a multi-cylinder engine depending on the number of cylinders. An engine with only one cylinder is called a single cylinder engine; an engine with more than two cylinders is called a multi-cylinder engine. Such as double cylinder, three cylinder, four cylinder, five cylinder, six cylinder, eight cylinder, twelve cylinder, sixteen cylinder, etc. are multi-cylinder engines. Modern car engines use three-cylinder, four-cylinder, six-cylinder and eight-cylinder engines.
5, according to the cooling method
The internal combustion engine can be divided into a water-cooled engine and an air-cooled engine according to different cooling methods. The water-cooled engine is cooled by using a coolant circulating in the cylinder block and the cylinder head cooling jacket as a cooling medium; and the air-cooled engine uses air flowing between the cylinder block and the fin on the outer surface of the cylinder head as a cooling medium. Cooling. The water-cooled engine is evenly cooled, reliable in operation and good in cooling effect, and is widely used in modern vehicle engines.
6, according to the itinerary classification
The internal combustion engine can be classified into a four-stroke internal combustion engine and a two-stroke internal combustion engine in accordance with the number of strokes required to complete one working cycle. The crankshaft is rotated twice (720°), the piston reciprocates four strokes up and down in the cylinder, and the internal combustion engine that completes one working cycle is called a four-stroke internal combustion engine; while the crankshaft is rotated one turn (360°), the piston reciprocates up and down in the cylinder. An internal combustion engine that performs two strokes and completes one duty cycle is called a two-stroke internal combustion engine. Four-stroke internal combustion engines are widely used in automobile engines.
7. Classification by valve mechanism
Side-mounted valve (SV) engine, side-mounted camshaft (OHV) engine, overhead camshaft (OHC) engine, variable valve (VTEC) engine and Desmo valve train engine.
8. Classified by fuel supply method
Carburetor engine and EFI engine.
9, according to the fuel used
Internal combustion engines can be classified into gasoline engines and diesel engines depending on the fuel used. An internal combustion engine that uses gasoline as a fuel is called a gasoline engine; an internal combustion engine that uses a diesel fuel is called a diesel engine. Gasoline engine and diesel engine have their own characteristics; gasoline engine has high speed, low quality, low noise, easy starting and low manufacturing cost; diesel engine has large compression ratio, high thermal efficiency, and better economic performance and emission performance than gasoline engine.
Conclusion
Car engine (automobile engine maintenance) has been with the car for more than 100 years, no matter in design, manufacturing, process, performance, control, and the type of car engine is getting more and more There are many, but the basic principles of the car engine have not changed. Now the engine designers are constantly integrating the latest technology with the engine, turning the engine into a complex mechatronic product, which makes the engine performance nearly perfect. Automakers also take the performance of the engine as a competitive highlight.
If you are new to the concept of using an electric kettle, you might be overwhelmed by the variety of electric kettles that are displayed on the store shelves and have difficulty deciding which one would be the best to suit your individual needs or desires. This introduction will give you some basic information about some of the features that are available on various types of electric kettles so that you can make a more informed decision when choosing one for use in your home.
Features:
Spend few minutes to boil : After 5 minutes, hot water will finish for you to drink.
3 protection functions : The on/off button is on the handle, making it easy to turn the kettle off when you pick it up. A concealed heating unit reduces the amount of buildup in the kettle.
It will be a problem when you forget to close the button.Once the water boils the kettle shuts itself off.Do not have to worry about damaging it by letting it run dry. When water runs dry,It will cut the electric by itself.
Multiple Cups: Water can be loaded to 1.8Liter.
Materials :
Food grade stainless steel, more healthy and hygienic. PP handle wieh heat insulation material provides scald resistance. Durable controller performance with 360 degree rotation cordless base design.
OEM & ODM service : Try best to support you during production and provide better after-sales service.Enhance your brand popularity.
Application:
Make a cup of tea.
Boil eggs.
Cook noodles.
Electric Water Kettle
Electric Water Kettle,Aluminium Electric Water Kettle,Mini Electric Water Kettle,Stainless Steel Electric Water Kettle
Guangzhou Taipeng Electrical Appliances Technology CO., LTD. , https://www.taipengelectric.com